1. What is Molarity and Normality?

Molarity (M) is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution, while Normality (N) is the number of gram equivalents of solute per liter of solution. For NaOH, which is monobasic, normality equals molarity.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the following relationships:

For NaOH:

• Molarity = Given concentration value
• Normality = Molarity × 1 (since NaOH has 1 equivalent per mole)

Explanation: NaOH is a strong base that dissociates completely in water, providing one hydroxide ion (OH⁻) per molecule, making its normality equal to its molarity.

3. Importance of Concentration Calculation

Details: Accurate concentration calculations are essential for preparing solutions, conducting chemical reactions, titration experiments, and various analytical procedures in chemistry laboratories.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the concentration value in mol/L. The calculator will automatically compute both molarity and normality for NaOH solutions.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why are molarity and normality equal for NaOH?
A: NaOH is monobasic, meaning it has one replaceable hydroxide group, so its equivalent weight equals its molecular weight, making normality equal to molarity.

Q2: What is the molecular weight of NaOH?
A: The molecular weight of NaOH is 40 g/mol (Na: 23, O: 16, H: 1).

Q3: How do I prepare a 5M NaOH solution?
A: Dissolve 200g of NaOH (5 moles × 40 g/mol) in distilled water and make up to 1 liter volume.

Q4: Are there safety precautions when handling NaOH?
A: Yes, NaOH is corrosive. Use protective equipment (gloves, goggles) and handle with care to avoid skin contact or inhalation.

Q5: Can this calculator be used for other compounds?
A: This specific calculator is designed for NaOH. Other compounds may have different relationships between molarity and normality depending on their equivalent weight.