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Dilution Formula:
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The fundamental principle of dilution states that the number of moles of solute remains constant during dilution processes. When a solution is diluted by adding more solvent, the concentration decreases but the total amount of solute (in moles) stays the same.
The calculator uses the dilution formula:
Where:
Explanation: This equation demonstrates the conservation of matter principle in dilution processes, where the amount of solute remains unchanged regardless of the volume of solvent added.
Details: Understanding mole conservation is crucial for accurate solution preparation in chemistry laboratories, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and various industrial processes where precise concentrations are required.
Tips: Enter the initial moles of solute in mol. The value must be valid (greater than 0). The calculator will compute the final moles after dilution.
Q1: Why do moles remain constant during dilution?
A: Dilution only adds solvent, not solute. Since no solute is added or removed, the number of moles remains unchanged.
Q2: How does dilution affect concentration?
A: While moles remain constant, concentration decreases because the same amount of solute is distributed in a larger volume of solution.
Q3: What's the difference between moles and concentration?
A: Moles represent the absolute amount of substance, while concentration represents the amount of substance per unit volume (e.g., mol/L).
Q4: Can this calculator be used for serial dilutions?
A: Yes, for each dilution step, the moles remain constant. You would need to calculate concentration changes separately.
Q5: Are there limitations to this principle?
A: This principle applies to ideal solutions where the solute doesn't interact differently with the solvent at different concentrations.