1. What is the Dilution Formula?

The dilution formula is a fundamental equation in chemistry and physiology used to calculate the final concentration of a solution after dilution. It is based on the principle of conservation of mass, where the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution formula:

Where:

• \( M1 \) — Initial molarity (mol/L)
• \( V1 \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( V2 \) — Final volume (L)
• \( M2 \) — Final molarity (mol/L)

Explanation: The formula calculates the final concentration by multiplying the initial concentration by the ratio of initial volume to final volume.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Dilution calculations are essential in laboratory settings, medical applications, and pharmaceutical preparations for preparing solutions of specific concentrations from stock solutions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial molarity in mol/L, initial volume in liters, and final volume in liters. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What units should I use for volume?
A: The calculator uses liters (L) for volume. If you have volumes in milliliters, divide by 1000 to convert to liters before entering.

Q2: Can I use this for non-molar concentration units?
A: Yes, the formula works for any concentration unit (mol/L, g/L, etc.) as long as you maintain consistent units throughout.

Q3: What if I need to calculate initial concentration?
A: The formula can be rearranged: \( M1 = M2 \times \frac{V2}{V1} \) to calculate initial concentration from final values.

Q4: Does temperature affect dilution calculations?
A: Temperature affects density and volume measurements. For precise work, use temperature-corrected volumes or work at standard temperature.

Q5: How accurate are dilution calculations?
A: The mathematical calculation is exact, but practical accuracy depends on the precision of your measurements and equipment.